GMAT数学内容易错考点详解之不等式
不等式不仅是GMAT数学中一个非常重要的检验点,也是一个容易出错的检验点。许多候选人发现很难理解不平等的部分。然后我将为考生们分享一些知识点和示例。我们一起看来看下!
①如果x>y,那么yy;(对称性)
②如果x>y,y>z;那么x>z;(传递性)
③如果x>y,而z为任意实数或整式,那么x+z>y+z;(加法原则,或叫同向不等式可加性)
④如果x>y,z>0,那么xz>yz;如果x>y,z<0,那么xz
其次是要掌握穿针引线法计算未知数范围,理解口诀“自上而下,从右到左,奇穿偶不穿”。
最后是在做不等式题目的时候一定要注意未知数的范围,例如题目有没有要求未知数为整数或者正数等等。
例题1:
If a and b are positive integers, is a/b<9/11 ?
(1) a/b<0.818
(2) b/a>1.223
A Statement (1) ALONE is sufficient, but statement (2) alone is not sufficient.
B Statement (2) ALONE is sufficient, but statement (1) alone is not sufficient.
C BOTH statements TOGETHER are sufficient, but NEITHER statement ALONE is sufficient.
D EACH statement ALONE is sufficient.
E Statements (1) and (2) TOGETHER are NOT sufficient
【解析】答案是D
条件1:a/b<0.818,9/11=0.81818……,0.818<9/11,根据传递性,a/b<0.818<9/11,所以是充分的。
条件2:b/a>1.223,11/9=1.22222……,1.223>11/9,根据传递性,b/a>1.223>11/9,所以也是充分的。
例题2:
Is x < 0 ?
(1) x^3 < x^2
(2) x^3 < x^4
A Statement (1) ALONE is sufficient, but statement (2) alone is not sufficient.
B Statement (2) ALONE is sufficient, but statement (1) alone is not sufficient.
C BOTH statements TOGETHER are sufficient, but NEITHER statement ALONE is sufficient.
D EACH statement ALONE is sufficient.
E Statements (1) and (2) TOGETHER are NOT sufficient.
【解析】答案是C
条件1:x^3 - x^2<0,即x^2(x-1)<0,画数轴,利用穿针引线法,可得x<0或0
条件2:x^4 - x^3>0,即x^3(x-1)>0,画数轴,利用穿针引线法,可得x<0或x>1,不充分。
结合:可以得到x<0,充分。
例题3:
The only gift certificates that a certain store sold yesterday were worth either $100 each or $10 each. If the store sold a total of 20 gift certificates yesterday,how many gift certificates worth $10 each did the store sell yesterday?
(1) The gift certificates sold by the store yesterday were worth a total of between $1,650 and$1,800.

(2) Yesterday the store sold more than 15 gift certificates worth $100 each.
A Statement (1) ALONE is sufficient, but statement (2) alone is not sufficient.
B Statement (2) ALONE is sufficient, but statement (1) alone is not sufficient.
C BOTH statements TOGETHER are sufficient, but NEITHER statement ALONE is sufficient.
D EACH statement ALONE is sufficient.
E Statements (1) and (2) TOGETHER are NOT sufficient.
【解析】答案是A
假设$10 each的gift certificates数量是x,$100 each的gift certificates数量是y,并且,x和y只能取非负整数
GMAT数学内容根据题意可得x+y=20(此种根据题干可以得到的等式,在做题时一定要列出来,以免后面分析条件时漏掉)
条件1:可以得到不等式1650<10x+100y<1800,根据x+y=20可得,x=20-y,从而代入消元。即165<20-y+10y<180,化简以后得到145<9y<160
因为y必须是整数,那么满足该不等式的解就只有:y=17,x=3,所以充分。
条件2:y>15,具体数值未知,不充分。
例题4:
If x is positive, is x > 3 ?
(1) (x−1)^2 > 4
(2) (x−2)^2 > 9
A Statement (1) ALONE is sufficient, but statement (2) alone is not sufficient.
B Statement (2) ALONE is sufficient, but statement (1) alone is not sufficient.
CBOTH statements TOGETHER are sufficient, but NEITHER statement ALONE is sufficient.
DEACH statement ALONE is sufficient.
E Statements (1) and (2) TOGETHER are NOT sufficient.
【解析】答案是D
这道题就是要注意前提条件,x是正数
条件1:解不等式得到x>3或x<-1,由于x必须是正数,所以舍掉其小于-1的范围,只能是x>3,所以充分。
条件1:解不等式得到x>5或x<-1,同理舍掉其小于-1的范围,只能是x>5,那么也符合x>3的范围的,所以也是充分的。
上面是小编分享的GMAT数学。我们可以更好地准备GMAT的数学内容,努力在数学上取得满分。更多关于GMAT词汇的同学们可以在线留言,或者关注优留学网哦!
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